- Mise en Scene
- Conspicuous consumption - gold chains, diamonds
- Status driven - 'bling culture' - clothes and tattoos identify sports and TV stars as fans of RnB - RnB linked to wealth and success
- Crime - 'ghetto' - are drugs and violence glamourised?
- Topics include lust, crime, cheating, violence, racism, abuse
Origins:
- 1940s chain gangs in South America (higher black population)
- Seen as "African American Music" as a form of protest
- Mainly consisted of drums and guitars, as these instruments were more availible, as well as church-type female singing voices
- RnB increased in popularity from the 1980s due to artists such as Whitney Housten and Aretha Franklin
- The 1990s introduced Pop/RnB hybrids including Michael Jackson and Boys II Men
- From the 2000s, RnB had become popular among black, white, and hispanic audiences
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